In 1941-1945, the Uzbek Geological Agency was purposefully prospecting and exploring for fuel, energy, and strategic raw material.

In 1946-1957 enhanced geological investigations were carried out. To conduct those successfully, specialized enterprises were created for prospecting and exploration for oil, gas, non-ferrous, rare and precious metals, and a wide range of industrial minerals.

The geological surveys of various Ministries and Agencies were integrated in 1957 and on their basis the General Department of Geology and mineral resources conservation under the Cabinet of Ministers was est.

On February 12, 1991, according to the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan № UP-142, the State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Geology and Mineral Resources (Committee on Geology) was formed.

On September 23, 1994, the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan enacted the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan «On Subsoil», and on December 13, 2002, its new edition was approved and published.

The Resolution of the President of the Republic and Uzbekistan No. 568 “On measures for radical improvement of organization of exploration and activities of the State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan for Geology and Mineral Resources” was adopted on January 17, 2007, which provided a strong momentum for industry development.

The Decree of the President of the Republic and Uzbekistan No. PP-3578 “On measures for radical improvement of the activities of the State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan for Geology and Mineral Resources” of March 1, 2018 and Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PP-4401 “On measures to further improve geological study of subsoil and implementation of the State program for development and reproduction of the mineral resource base for 2020-2021”.

The Ministry of Mining Industry and Geology of the Republic of Uzbekistan was established in line with the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. UP-116 of June 27, 2023.